PROTECT YOUR HOME FROM EARTHQUAKES

Seismic retrofitting strengthens your home’s foundation and structure to better withstand earthquake shaking. It helps protect your family, minimize repair costs, and preserve your property’s value. Based in the San Francisco Bay Area, our team specializes in residential retrofits using proven, code-compliant methods—delivered efficiently and affordably.

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Plywood shearwall installed in crawl space

How Earthquakes Damage Unretrofitted Homes

Earthquakes exert powerful forces that can severely damage homes—especially those built before modern seismic standards. The images below highlight typical failure patterns found in older, unretrofitted houses. The final image shows how a properly retrofitted home can remain stable and secure during seismic events.

House cripple wall racking
Figure 1: Weak cripple walls without plywood shear panels can rack—collapsing sideways under lateral forces.
House sliding off of cripple wall
Figure 2: Without secure framing and fasteners, the home can slide off the short cripple wall between the foundation and main floor.
House sliding off of foundation
Figure 3: Homes without proper concrete anchors can slide entirely off the foundation, leading to total collapse.
House and cripple wall overturning
Figure 4: Severe shaking can cause the cripple wall and house above it to overturn if not properly braced and anchored with holdown devices.
House remaining stationary on foundation
Figure 5: A properly retrofitted home remains securely attached to its foundation during seismic shaking.

The Importance of Seismic Retrofits and Key Structural Components

Seismic retrofitting strengthens a home's ability to resist earthquake forces by reinforcing the lateral force resisting system—the parts of the structure that prevent it from swaying, racking, or sliding during ground movement.

A complete retrofit involves improving the connections between the foundation and the wood-framed structure using key structural components—fasteners, plywood shear panels, and concrete anchors— in alignment with standards like those outlined in the California Building Code Appendix A3 .

Fasteners and Hardware

Fasteners connect the framing members together so the structure can respond as one cohesive unit. Without these ties, parts of the house may shift or separate under stress.

Common fasteners include:

  • L-brackets, screws, and nails

Installed correctly, these fasteners transfer loads between structural elements and prevent movement at critical joints.

Plywood Shear Panels

Plywood shear panels brace cripple walls—the short walls between the foundation and the main floor. These panels resist lateral (side-to-side) forces and prevent the wall from collapsing or “racking” during an earthquake.

Plywood installation involves:

  • Attaching structural-grade plywood to wall studs
  • Using specific nailing patterns (e.g., 6" on edges, 12" in the field)
  • Ensuring continuous plywood and nailing over multiple studs

When installed properly, these panels distribute forces and add stiffness to the structure.

Concrete Anchors

Concrete anchors secure the wooden sill plate to the concrete foundation. This is critical—without anchorage, an earthquake can cause the house to slide off its foundation.

Types of anchors:

  • Expansion bolts
  • Epoxy-set anchor bolts
  • Mechanical wedge anchors

Code requirements typically include:

  • Bolts spaced no more than 4 feet apart
  • Plate washers to spread the load

Anchoring ensures that seismic forces are transferred safely into the ground.

Retrofit detail connecting cripple stud to wood floor framing
Typical retrofit detail: connecting the cripple stud to the wood floor framing.
Retrofit detail connecting sill plate to foundation
Typical retrofit detail: connecting the sill plate to the foundation.

Working Together: A Unified Seismic System

These components only protect your home when they work together:

  • Anchors tie the house to the foundation.
  • Plywood panels resist racking and provide lateral strength.
  • Fasteners connect everything—transferring forces safely through the structure.

Together, they create a continuous load path that distributes seismic energy from the roof all the way to the ground. This reduces the chance of catastrophic failure, protects your investment, and most importantly, keeps you and your family safer during an earthquake.

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